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ERA5 back extension 1950-1978 (Preliminary version)

d633004
| DOI: 10.5065/YBW7-YG52
 

This historical dataset is recommended for ancillary use only and not as a primary research dataset. It has likely been superseded by a newer, improved dataset.

Abstract:

PLEASE NOTE. It is advised to use ds633.0, ERA5 Reanalysis (0.25 Degree Latitude-Longitude Grid).

ECMWF has announced that the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) has begun the release of the ERA5 back extension data covering the period 1950-1978 on the Climate Data Store (CDS).

Although in many other respects the quality of this dataset is quite satisfactory, the current back extension appears to suffer from tropical cyclones that are sometimes unrealistically intense. This is in contrast with the ERA5 product from 1979 onwards (also available from the CDS and RDA ds633.0). For this reason the current release of the back extension is preliminary.

It is therefore available from separate CDS catalogue entries (hourly, monthly, single level and pressure levels), and this RDA dataset. Around the end of 2021 an updated version of the back extension is to be made available which will be added to the ERA5 catalogue entries that currently reach back to 1979. After an overlap period (the duration of which is not yet decided), the preliminary back extension will be deprecated.

The full back extension preliminary dataset is expected to be made available near the end of 2020/early 2021.

After many years of research and technical preparation, the production of a new ECMWF climate reanalysis to replace ERA-Interim is in progress. ERA5 is the fifth generation of ECMWF atmospheric reanalyses of the global climate, which started with the FGGE reanalyses produced in the 1980s, followed by ERA-15, ERA-40 and most recently ERA-Interim. ERA5 will cover the period January 1950 to near real time.

ERA5 is produced using high-resolution forecasts (HRES) at 31 kilometer resolution (one fourth the spatial resolution of the operational model) and a 62 kilometer resolution ten member 4D-Var ensemble of data assimilation (EDA) in CY41r2 of ECMWF's Integrated Forecast System (IFS) with 137 hybrid sigma-pressure (model) levels in the vertical, up to a top level of 0.01 hPa. Atmospheric data on these levels are interpolated to 37 pressure levels (the same levels as in ERA-Interim). Surface or single level data are also available, containing 2D parameters such as precipitation, 2 meter temperature, top of atmosphere radiation and vertical integrals over the entire atmosphere. The IFS is coupled to a soil model, the parameters of which are also designated as surface parameters, and an ocean wave model. Generally, the data is available at an hourly frequency and consists of analyses and short (12 hour) forecasts, initialized twice daily from analyses at 06 and 18 UTC. Most analyses parameters are also available from the forecasts. There are a number of forecast parameters, e.g. mean rates and accumulations, that are not available from the analyses.

Improvements to ERA5, compared to ERA-Interim, include use of HadISST.2, reprocessed ECMWF climate data records (CDR), and implementation of RTTOV11 radiative transfer. Variational bias corrections have not only been applied to satellite radiances, but also ozone retrievals, aircraft observations, surface pressure, and radiosonde profiles.

DECS produces a CF 1.6 compliant netCDF-4/HDF5 version of ERA5 for the CISL RDA at NCAR. The netCDF-4/HDF5 version is the de facto RDA ERA5 online data format. The GRIB1 data format is also available online. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the netCDF-4/HDF5 and GRIB1 files, with as much GRIB1 metadata as possible incorporated into the attributes of the netCDF-4/HDF5 counterpart.

Temporal Range:
1950-01-01 00:00 +0000 to 1978-12-31 23:00 +0000 (Entire dataset) Period details by dataset product
Updates:
Daily
Variables:
Air Temperature Albedo Albedo Cloud Frequency
Cloud Liquid Water/Ice Convection Convergence Dew Point Temperature
Evaporation Geopotential Height Gravity Wave Heat Flux
Humidity Ice Extent Incoming Solar Radiation Longwave Radiation
Outgoing Longwave Radiation Planetary Boundary Layer Height Precipitation Amount Runoff
Sea Level Pressure Sea Surface Temperature Shortwave Radiation Skin Temperature
Snow Snow Density Snow Depth Snow/Ice Temperature
Snow/Ice Temperature Snow Melt Soil Classification Soil Moisture/Water Content
Soil Temperature Surface Pressure Surface Roughness Surface Winds
Terrain Elevation Total Precipitable Water Tropospheric Ozone Upper Air Temperature
Upper Level Winds Vegetation Cover Vegetation Species Vertical Wind Velocity/Speed
Vorticity Water Vapor Wind Stress
Vertical Levels:
See the detailed metadata for level information.
Data Types:
Grid
Spatial Coverage:
Longitude Range: Westernmost=180W Easternmost=180E
Latitude Range: Southernmost=90S Northernmost=90N Detailed coverage information
Data Contributors:
ECMWF
European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
Publications:
Bell, B., H. Hersbach, A. Simmons, P. Berrisford, P. Dahlgren, A. Horanyi, J. Munoz-Sabater, J. Nicolas, R. Radu, D. Schepers, C. Soci, S. Villaume, J. Bidlot, L. Haimberger, J. Woollen, C. Buontempo, J. Thepaut, 2021: The ERA5 global reanalysis: Preliminary extension to 1950. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 1, 1-42 (DOI: 10.1002/qj.4174).
Malardel, S., N. Wedi, W. Deconinck, M. Diamantakis, C. Kuhnlein, G. Mozdzynski, M. Hamrud, and P. Smolarkiewicz, 2015: A new grid for the IFS. Newsletter No. 146 - Winter 2015/16, ECMWF, 6 pp. (DOI: 10.1002/qj.4174)
Total Volume:
611.2 TB (Entire dataset) Volume details by dataset product
Data Formats:
Related RDA Datasets:
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ERA-Interim Project
-
ERA-Interim Project, Monthly Means
-
ERA-Interim Project, Single Parameter 6-Hourly Surface Analysis and Surface Forecast Time Series
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JRA-55: Japanese 55-year Reanalysis, Daily 3-Hourly and 6-Hourly Data
-
JRA-55: Japanese 55-year Reanalysis, Monthly Means and Variances
-
ERA5 Reanalysis (0.25 Degree Latitude-Longitude Grid)
-
ERA5 Reanalysis (Monthly Mean 0.25 Degree Latitude-Longitude Grid)
-
ERA5.1: Corrections to ERA5 Stratospheric Temperature 2000-2006
-
ERA5 Modes of Interannual Variability
Metadata Record:
Data License:
Citation counts are compiled through information provided by publicly-accessible APIs according to the guidelines developed through the https://makedatacount.org/ project. If journals do not provide citation information to these publicly-accessible services, then this citation information will not be included in RDA citation counts. Additionally citations that include dataset DOIs are the only types included in these counts, so legacy citations without DOIs, references found in publication acknowledgements, or references to a related publication that describes a dataset will not be included in these counts.